Have you ever thought of an idle vacation, bright sun, sinking your feet in the sand, splashing waves and cool breeze? Yes, you guessed it correct, a sea beach! Even so, beaches are much more than only this! They are also about beautiful sunrises as well as sunsets at the horizon that entice people to spend time at the seashore. However, nature is both beautiful and scary at the same time!
We hear numerous incidences of the tsunami, hurricane, cyclone, etc. regularly. These references to the phenomena refer to the different ways of formations of waves inside the deep ocean. These incidences are not only petrifying but extremely powerful phenomena happening inside the ocean. Cyclone is a large air mass rotating around the strong centre of low atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure is measured in ATM, which is equivalent to the mean sea-level atmospheric pressure on earth.
Cyclone forms when there is sufficiently warm sea surface temperatures, atmospheric instability, low vertical wind shear, low pressure at the centre withal high humidity in the troposphere. The cyclone has low atmospheric pressure at the centre while wind circulating around it. This rotation is counterclockwise if it’s near Northern pole. On the other hand, it is clockwise if it’s near the southern pole of the earth.
Types of Cyclone:
Cyclone can be surface based or upper level depending on the location of its occurrence on the earth. The surface-based cyclone has three types: Extratropical, Subtropical and Tropical cyclone. In addition, the upper-level cyclone can occur in the polar regions.
Firstly, A large scale Extratropical cyclone, or mid-latitude cyclone, occurs in the middle latitudes of the earth. Further, a tropical cyclone appears near tropical regions of the globe accompanied by heavy wind and thunderstorm. Moreover, a cyclone having few characteristics of both extratropical and tropical cyclone is called semi-tropical or subtropical cyclone. It develops between the equator and 50th parallel.
In addition, due to low-pressure zones inside polar masses near polar or sub-polar regions, weather system develops which is referred to as polar cyclone. These cyclones are present all year round, and weakest during summer whereas strongest during winter. An Upper Tropospheric Cyclone Vortex (TUTT) is due to cold air centres in the tropospheric air mass. Upper-level cyclones are generally spread in less than 1000 km area.
Recent Cyclone Phenomena:
On 26th April 2019, Cyclone Fani hit the coast of India and Bangladesh causing damage to the tropical area. Due to warning services of the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), people were taken away from the regions under the possibility of oceanic phenomena. And thus reduced the danger to millions of people, though we have lost a few lives. Moreover, Cyclone Vayu hit India’s northwestern coast. It was one of the strongest tropical cyclones in the last 21 years in Northwestern India. Hence, it is important to stay updated regarding weather conditions and plan accordingly.
Edited by: Anomitra Dey
Reference:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclone
2. https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/hurricanes/en/
3. https://www.ducksters.com/science/earth_science/hurricanes.php
4. https://www.journals.elsevier.com/progress-in-disaster-science/
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclone_Vayu
6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclone_Fani
7. http://www.imd.gov.in/pages/services_cyclone.php
8. http://www.imd.gov.in/Welcome%20To%20IMD/Welcome.php
9. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_tropospheric_cyclonic_vortex
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